Passion to Profession

Customer Service What is customer service? Customer service is the process of ensuring customer satisfaction with a product or service. â€Å"Customer service is not about you or your company, it is about the customer. – It is about the customer's wants, needs, and expectations. † (Bolden, Colon, 2010) Often, customer service occurs while performing a transaction for a customer such as making a sale or returning an item. It can take the form of personal interaction, a phone call, or by other means. It is an important part of our job and should not be seen as an extension of it.A company’s most vital asset is its customers and without them, we would not and could not exist in business. When you satisfy our customers, they not only help us grow by continuing to do business with you, but recommend you to friends and associates. Every single contact with a customer can either cultivate or corrode the relationship with a customer. This includes every letter or email t hat is sent out, every ad that may run and every phone call made. Working as a Medical Assistant in a doctor’s office is direct contact with patients in many aspects. Similar essay: HR Profession Map ExplainedThe customer service starts from the moment the patients walk into the office. Many patients have questions and concerns about their treatments, illnesses, tests, lab results, financial status, etc. , and it is the job of a medical assistant to effectively serve the patient to their satisfaction. My career goal is to teach in the Allied Health field and customer service is a must. The three-fold Bachelor’s degree I am now working on at Florida Technical College consists of Health Service Administration, Health Information Technology and Medical Assistant.It will equip me to teach clinical and practical skills to Medical Assistants and other health professionals. In order to accomplish my goal to teach, it is imperative that I learn effective customer service skills. When dealing with students, customer service means going the extra mile, helping students with their questions and their thirst for knowledge. It also means making sure tha t when it’s time to start the clinical practice; each student understands technique and the importance of following rules and guidelines. In all sense, teaching requires good communication and customer service skills.Teachers provide a service, provide the community with educated people, provide the students with a safe learning environment, and provide the students with useful and relevant education. Teachers do not only teach class, they send out emails, post updates on blogs, have a website on a server; they motivate the students to learn what I know they need to learn. In order to be a good teacher, you have to develop a program that is suitable for your students. You must prepare activities which can enhance the physical, intellectual and cultural abilities of students.A teacher can do so much better in their career and in accomplishing their educational goals with their students if they would add a little customer service strategy to their teaching. Communication Commun ication is a two-way process of reaching a mutual understanding in which participants not only exchange (encode-decode) information, news, ideas and feelings but also create and share meaning. (Graham, Paul, 2006) Communication involves means such as listening, speaking, writing and reading. All these means can be used for an active communication process.In general, communication is a means of connecting people or places. Many times, one of the biggest challenges people face when developing customer relations skills is empathy. If we are empathetic, it helps us better understand a person or situation, enables us to resolve differences, build trust and respect, and is imperative in leadership. In my personal experience in the medical field, communication has always been very important, and has also gone hand in hand with empathy–the ability to identify with and understand somebody else's feelings or difficulties.Good customer service cannot exist without communication. When I worked as manager of an assisted living facility in Lewiston, Idaho, my job was communication between the elderly residents and their families, doctors’ offices, hospitals, and healthcare and social service agencies. Many times I was liaison between the resident and Medicare/Medicaid. Effective communication required phone calls, conversations with residents and family members in order to make important healthcare decisions, formal and informal memorandums to staff and/or management, and formal professional letters.In all essence, customer service and communication cannot work individually. Communication in all its aspects is imperative for effective customer relations. References: 1. Bolden ,Colon. Jun 28, 2010. Customer Service Tips-The Best Way to Treat People. Retrieved from: http://www. articlesbase. com/customer-service-articles/customer-service-tips-on-the-best-way-to-treat-people-2738621. html 2. Graham, Paul. 2013 Web Finance Inc. Retrieved from: http://www. business dictionary. com/tips/customer-service

Absoulutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian Struggles of Arnold Spirit Essay

In the book â€Å"The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian† by Sherman Alexie, Arnold Spirit the main character struggles with being an Indian and going to Reardan, the all-white school where he wants to find hope. He struggles with acceptance because of his disability and he is an Indian. He also struggle with losing his best friend Rowdy as a friend, and he also struggles with losing loved ones. Though he has many, he copes with them and fixes them in the end. Throughout the story Arnold struggles with his disability. He is a very smart person but because of his disability his appearance makes him look like he is stupid. To top this all off he is also an Indian attending an all-white school. This causes the white people to make fun of him as well as the Indians and he feels different and unwanted by everyone. â€Å"And once I arrived at Reardan, I became something less than less than less than Indian. Those white kids did not talk to me. They barely looked at me†(83). This shows that he was not accepted on the reservation as an Indian or at Reardan because of what he was. He had no friends at Reardan, not even a friend on the rez anymore. When Arnold decided that he wanted to go to Reardan he wanted his only and best friend, Rowdy to go with him. When he told Rowdy about going to Reardan he felt like Arnold was abandoning him. He got really upset and angry and made it clear they were no longer friends. â€Å"I stayed on the ground for a long time after Rowdy walked away†¦But I had to stand eventually, and when I did, I knew my best friend had become my worst enemy†(53). This shows that Rowdy resented Arnold so much for going to Reardan he didn’t want to be friends with Arnold anymore. In addition to losing his best friend he lost many other people, only in a different way. One final struggle Arnold faced was losing many loved ones. He lost his dog, grandmother, Eugene (His dads best friend) and his sister. He not only blamed himself for the deaths but also many others blamed him because he left the rez and betrayed them in a way by going to Reardan and making friends with white people. â€Å"‘Your sister is dead because you left us. You killed her.’†¦Rowdy was right. I had killed my sister†¦It was all my fault†(211). This shows that Arnold felt like in a way it was his fault and some of the Indians on the rez felt the same. He blamed himself for every bad thing that had happened all his life. Arnold had a tough life, he struggled to fit in, to keep his best friend and with losing many loved ones. Arnold slowly made friends at Reardan by just being himself. In the end he and Rowdy made up. They put the past behind them. Arnold also forgave himself for all the loved ones he lost; he also hoped that everyone else forgave him too. Losing loved ones is a normal part of life. No one should take the blame when it was never their fault. Making friends is also hard Especially when you are in a completely new environment or you are shy. Sometimes best friends will fight. It can last for a short time or a long time. Its important to remember we can not judge someone because of who they are or where they come from. Put yourself in their shoes; how would you feel?

A Study Of The Use Of Microelectromechanical Systems

A Study Of The Use Of Microelectromechanical Systems In this paper, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) has been utilized to make miniaturized ion optics required for making the portable all-in-one mass spectrometer. Four different ion optics components were fabricated using deep-reactive ion etching (DRIE) of n-doped silicon-on-insulator. These components are 1 mm Bradbury-Nielsen gate, 500 Â µm coaxial ring ion trap (CRITter), reflectron optics and 500 Â µm Einzel lens. The Bradbury-Nielsen gate was made using a pattern of alternating electrode wires which either allows ions to pass or stop through the gate. The CRITter was made using five trapping rings and two end caps to make mass selection ion optics and it was also used in testing the alignment capability of fabrication process. The reflectron optics was made using a assembly of fifteen rectangular elements arranged in series. The fourth ion optics component was assembled MEMS Einzel lens which consisted of three lenses. It was used to focus the ions beam to increase the ion current and detectability. All the components were tested using ion produced with 70 eV EI ionization. These assemblies were characterized in terms of breakdown voltage, durability, and alignment. For current devices, the breakdown voltage was reported 750 V. The CRITter was tested with 1% toluene at pressure of 1 x 10-4 Torr. The resolution was limited due to the alignment errors and also aberration in etched designs got more impactful as the size of the ion trap was reduced. Current reflectron optics was not capable of resolving the peaks of toluene. Therefore, in the future analyzer path length will be increased by using multiple reflectrons. These miniaturized components were assembled using an encoded piezo-manipulator with pick and place capability. Resolution and ion attenuation was found to be the greatest concern of the current design at present. Fox, J.; Saini, R.; Tsui, K.; Verbeck, G., Microelectromechanical system assembled ion optics: An advance to miniaturization and assembly of electron and ion optics. Review of Scientific Instruments 2009, 80 (9), 093302. In this paper, a soft landing (SL) instrument has been developed with capability of depositing the ions onto the substrate for preparative analysis. The two important components of this instrument are custom made drift tube and two split rings. The drift tube is consist of 18 concentric rings along with two split rings at the end. The drift tube was filled with an inert buffer gas like He and operated from 1 to 100 Torr of pressure. High pressure gas thermalized the cluster ions on collision to 0.01 to 1.0 eV kinetic energy and separate the clusters formed by laser ablation. This helped in further analysis of deposited clusters on mica surface. Two functions of split-ring are to direct the cluster ions towards either detector or a landing surface. This instrument works on the principle of narrowing the kinetic energy of ions going through drift tube to prevent the fragmentation on landing. The gating function of split ring was performed using a homemade pulsing circuit that changes t he voltage across the split ring. The SL instruments was built with a quick door CF flange which reduced the number of gaskets required and helped in holding, adjusting and removing the detector and landing surface from the instrument without disassembling the instrument. A simple Faraday plate was used in SL instrument as detector. A 15 mm mica disk used for atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used as landing surface. Split ring pulsing helped in selecting and isolating the specific ion clusters. For initial experiments copper was used as analyte and it was ionized using laser ablation using ND-YAG laser. Mass spectrum of Copper was reported to have multiple peaks due to Cun+, CunOm+ ions formation in the presence of O2 as contaminant. After the cluster deposition on mica surface, surface was analyzed using AFM and was compared with the physical vapor deposition (PVD). In the future, other landing surfaces like gold, silicon, and highly ordered pyrolytic graphite can be used to bette r understand the deposition mechanism.

Sexual imagery in the media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sexual imagery in the media - Essay Example The sexuality-based images are depicting men as dominant, robust and aggressive individuals while women are portrayed as being meek and vulnerable. Psychologists argue that such a portrayal of both the sexes in the media has only distorted their beliefs and perceptions about themselves and has thus prevented them from realizing their inherent values and cultural practices (Casciani). The number of online sexuality-based games has hugely increased over the years with the 2010 estimate of the video gaming industry topping $20 billion and nearly $300 million spent every year on advertisements related to sexual activity. In addition to games, television reality programs such as The Bachelor and Temptation Island are conveying messages that are supportive of partnering and that such indulgence does not have any real consequences (Gilbert). Several commercials are using sexualized images of women to promote their products such as clothing which are mainly targeted at teenagers. Such imager y has resulted in a widespread notion that women are there to be used by men (Gilbert). Experts who had studied the sexual behavior of children found that they were largely influenced by sexual images shown in the media.

International Financial analysis of Michael Kors Research Paper

International Financial analysis of Michael Kors - Research Paper Example The company has expandedits portfolio in recent years, it has received several likening to allow it sell other fashion related stuffs.The company has a retail network where it sales its products. The company operates an online platform where its customers can purchase from any part of the world. In this paper, the financial analysis of Michael kor’s firm shall be discussed. It is not always easy to start a fashion design firm. It is a business that takes a lot of time before it picks up. The Michael Kors firm has been rapidly growing over time ever since it was launched 30 years ago. The enterprise has picked up in the international platform. What began as a personal incentive operates in more than 95 countries. The firm has had a good financial fortune from the international stage. The firm’s online platform makes it easier to sell its products with ease. The Michael Kors firm was incorporated\at the end of 2002. It is known as the global luxury company that is producing various fashion designs for many people especially the celebs. The company operates on three basis that is: silencing basis, retailing and wholesale. It also has many global store where its sales its products. The company strives to expend to other parts of the world as soon as a ready market target emerges. The many internal store help the company make a lot of revenue. There are over 2,497 department, 1233 departments are in the other parts of the world. The Michael Kors firm was officially launched in 1981. It was associated with women ware. It was a Michael Kor’s initiative to start the business after dropping out of Fashion institute of technology only 5 months after enrolment. In 1993 the firm experienced bankruptcy, it later came back to feet four years later. A product of lower price was launched to help the firm recover from bankruptcy. The firm was known to be the first-ever producer of lady’s ready

Visual Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Visual Analysis - Assignment Example This document aims provides visual analysis of the painting, it shall further determine basic visual elements to analyze the artwork ‘Harmony in Red’. Analyzing the painting ‘Harmony in Red’ it can be observed that the painting portrays a scenario of the dinning room decorated with various types of fruits, vases and flowers. The painting gives an overall cheerful and bright affect in the minds of the people. The background of the painting is bright red; the motifs from the wall are falling down on the tablecloth of the dinning table. At the right hand side of the painting is a woman who is busy decorating the vases and fruit baskets on the table. In the middle, is a fruit basket that seems to be blurred and at the left are the chair and window. The window provides a different affect to the painting; use of cool colors of the window in the painting gives brighter affect to the painting. The painting is a bright luminous painting showing various objects in the painting. Analyzing the painting, it can be observed that the artist has made use of contour lines and implied line for showing the expression and sight of the women in the painting. The artist makes use of counter line to shoe define facial expression. In addition, the chair in the painting is made up of the same line, whereas the background of the painting has shaded and soft stroke to give a soft affect to the brightness of the red color. Analyzing the colors of the painting it can be observed that the use of red is extensively used in the painting with few blue line sin the motifs of the painting. This shows that the artist makes use of warm colors in the painting more than the cool cools. Warm colors create a warm and sensual impact in the minds of the viewers. Matisse in the painting makes excessive use of the saturation in the painting. In order to create a bright and warm look in the

Creating Tastier and Healthier Fruits and Veggies with a Modern Article

Creating Tastier and Healthier Fruits and Veggies with a Modern Alternative to GMOs - Article Example Furthermore, he highlights on the effects of repeated use of these chemicals, as weeds would have become resistant to this chemicals and thus hard to get rid of and as a result, this has served to decrease the yields and at times no yields at all. What is sowing change? It can be described as the process of improving vegetables and fruits for instance tomatoes through artificially breeding different plants to create a new species with new traits How has the use of technology fostered the improvement in quality of yields in fruits? Through the employment of modern techniques of agriculture for instance artificial breeding, there has been a development of new species of fruits for instance many chilly flavours which have improved quality of yields. How are the traditional modes of farming relevant to this day and age? They serve as a basis through which research can be carried out. For instance, in a bid to improve on seeds, one must first study the one in use before developing new one. In conclusion, genetically engineered organisms are harmful to the health of individuals and thus there is the need to incorporate and employ alternative ways of improving fruit and vegetables and consequently,

Organizational Processes, Human Resources and Ethics Needed to Be Assignment

Organizational Processes, Human Resources and Ethics Needed to Be Established in Kava - Assignment Example According to contingency theories, managers in most cases, design organizational structures that are most appropriate to the factors and circumstances surrounding the domain area of the organization itself. There are no set standards. One can’t tell which organizational structure is the best, as there are various ways to design an organization. For a particular organization, the rigid structure may be the best possible approach while for others a more flexible approach may be the right way out. Four factors are important determinants of the organizational structure or the organizing strategy a manager may opt for. These include the kind of organizational environment, the sort of business strategy the organization undertakes, the technology that has been applied in the organization and the characteristics of human resources within the organization. Kava is an island country, situated in the South Pacific. More than 50% of its population is 15 years of age. It is an ethnic mix of indigenous South Pacific tribes comprising of Asian, African, French, Spanish and a sizable number of Americans. There are a lot of languages spoken in the region comprising of English, Spanish and French and a couple of other indigenous languages. Its economy is agriculture oriented and thrives on petroleum, coffee, cocoa, spices, bananas, sugar, fishing tourism and natural gas. There is inexpensive quality labor available throughout. One of the biggest problems associated with this land is its vulnerability to natural disasters. These include threats like that of Tsunami, Hurricanes, Tornadoes, floods, fires, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, HIV/AIDS, Petroleum spill, the High risk for avian flu and terrorism within and outside the country. There is a major lack of proper infrastructure in the region because KAVA is a region that has been affected by natural disaster.

Physiology for health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Physiology for health - Essay Example 4. Describe the mechanisms involved in regulation of energy metabolites? 5. Explain the role of the hormones involved in controlling glucose level? 6. Describe the role of structures in controlling carbon dioxide and urea? Homeostatic Mechanism Homeostatic mechanism happens in an attempt to balance the internal environment of the body despite the changes in temperature of the internal and external environment. To achieve such condition, the temperature and chemical compositions of the person’s fluid environment has to remain constant (Thibodeau & Patton, 2004). Thus, in events where there are disturbances of the homeostatic condition of the body, specific regulatory mechanisms responds to adjust the different body systems for the person to get back to its homeostatic state. The body adapts the self regulatory mechanism as a way to homeostasis. For instance, if a person’s temperature greatly fluctuates from the set point which is 37 degrees centigrade, the regulatory sys tem that controls body temperature use negative feedback to correct the temperature to bring it back to the set point. The same holds true in chemical changes where glucose and gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen has to be maintained if the person is to survive. However, in this case, there is a gap for hormonal homeostasis to be corrected because chemical substances of the body take time to diffuse and circulate into the blood stream. Osmoregulation and Thermoregulation Process Homeostatic mechanism works to regulate the osmoregulation process through the kidneys that regulates the water and electrolytes that leaves the blood so that it equals the amount that enters. To process blood plasma and to form urine, the mechanism of filtration, tubular re absorption and tubular secretion has to take place. These mechanisms start when the water and solutes free of protein moves from plasma to the tubules of the Bowman’s capsule. As they pass through the tubules, water and import ant solutes are reabsorbed while molecules that move out of the blood are excreted. This process not only prevents water loss or retention but also maintains sodium and potassium content as well as the desirable ph level of the blood. Thermoregulation is also regulated by homeostatic mechanism with the negative feedback of the muscles. Stimulus from the outside environment is perceived by the affectors and is relayed to the hypothalamus where it is compared with the â€Å"built in† body set point. The result of the interpretation of the hypothalamus will be sent back to the effectors for the body to act appropriately. For example, when a person is exposed to cold weather, the skin and blood vessels picks up the signal and is sent to the hypothalamus which is interpreted as something that threatens the temperature. As a result, it sends nerve signal to the muscles to shiver to produce heat. Once the body temperature is regulated, the hypothalamus stops its stimulation of the e ffectors. Functions of Cardiovascular and Respiratory systems in regulating body Mechanism The function of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems regulates body mechanism by transporting hormones and nutrients , cleansing waste body products such as carbon dioxide and providing the body with fresh supply of oxygen as the blood circulates within the structures of the heart and lungs. As the blood is propelled to enter the right side of the

Selecting venuse for an academic conference Dissertation

Selecting venuse for an academic conference - Dissertation Example On the average these facilities range from three star, to five star facilities with regards to the kind and class of service provided (Van-der Wagen, 2006). The major distinctions of these facilities are mainly in line with their physical locations in relation to some of Central London’s attractions, airports, train stations, and other facilities that might attract the guests who attend the conference. Specific considerations that were factored in this selection process included the distance from major airports and train stations. This was important since the one-day event relied heavily on punctuality. Central London Famous Facilities Many conference facilities in Central London have suited their conference spaces with the architectural flexibility that allows both small and large conferences. Some of these facilities are complete with break out rooms, state of the art audio visual systems, and lecture theatres. The variations across many of these hotels and guest house are m ainly in form of style and incentives. The academic conference was tailored on a cost-effective system that would allow the guests to enjoy quality catering of simple but sumptuous buffets. In this process ten facilities were considered so that the best three facilities were arrived at after competitive bidding. The sampled facilities included The Cinnamon Club, The British Academy, The UK Supreme Court, the Grange Rochester Hotel, the 8 Northumberland, Royal Institute of British Architects, the Number 45 Millbank, the 116 Pallmall- Home of the Institute of Directors, the One Great George Street, and the Bafta. These facilities are situated close to some of the grand attractions such as the West Minster’s Abbey and other historical and aesthetical delights of Central London. The academic conference selection was arrived at through a delicate consideration system that sought a balance between the proximity of the heart of Central London versus the need for the most serene and quiet environment that would align well with the demands of an academic gathering. The most ideal location therefore was made in according with the distance away from the bustle of the city, low industrial noise, and the cacophony of heavy London traffic. After a general assessment was done three facilities out of the mentioned ten passed the threshold for utility and convenience because of some of their unique features and flexibility in their pricing regimes. These were The Cinnamon Club, The British Academy, and Central Hall Westminster. The Cinnamon Club The Cinnamon Club has an ambience suitable for academic conferencing. Its conference room is spacious and fitted with state of the art audio visual. The conference rooms are partitioned according to the specifics of utility. They are mainly in the form of executive, leisure, and academic. The executive sections are made up with the oak paneled facilities that vibrate with the rhythm of class and elegance. The furniture and sitti ng arrangement in the conference room are ordered in a classroom or theater fashion of rows and columns which gives the participants in the conference a comfortable view without any physical strains. The facility is a stunning architectural marvel situated on central London Avenue. Some of the cuisine it features includes the Indian cuisine,

Power Crisis in Tamilnadu and Remedial Measure Essay Example for Free

Power Crisis in Tamilnadu and Remedial Measure Essay The Power Crisis in Tamil Nadu The power crisis has come to stay in the state of Tamil Nadu. For many months now, power cuts for over six hours in the towns and villages of the state have been the norm. Chennai, which till recently was spared the rigours of power shedding has now been brought into the ambit. This poses a question on the state trying to attract more and more investment, giving assurances of uninterrupted power supply. Load shedding which was originally meant for an hour or so, has now been extended to three hours in many suburbs of the city. While this has affected homes and ommercial establishments, the industries in and around the city (High Tension power consumers) have been hit hard by strict regulations on hours of load shedding, with many units being forced to shut down operations for an entire day each week. Industry sources are also upset over the fact that while manufacturing units consume only 35% of the 9500 MW power consumption in Tamil Nadu, they are being forced to suffer load shedding far more than domestic consumers. Many units have begun operating shifts with the help of diesel generators, but this is proving to be an expensive solution which is affecting the bottom line. There is also a growing feeling among indigenous industries that the state bit off far more than it could chew when it came to inviting large projects to set up base in and around Chennai. The increase in power consumption was not thought through in their opinion and there is also a feeling that multinationals are being given power at the expense of domestic companies. While there may be no basis for such a view, it does indicate that the state government has laid the ground for a potentially explosive situation on the power front. Perhaps it was against this background that the state only made a few eeble noises about bidding for the Nano project which eventually went to Gujarat. There is no short term solution to the power crisis in the city and the state. Interestingly, on paper, the state can still claim to have surplus power for it has around 10500 MW installed capacity. However real time production is less. Poor rains have affected hydro- power and the shortage of fuel has meant that the atomic power plant at Kalpakkam is operating at sub-optimum capacity. Relief to some extent is expected when the Koodamkulam plant is commissioned in about six months from now. Most of the newly approved power units are only in the land dentification stage right now. The losses in transmission and distribution of power are also significant with the state-controlled Electricity Board not performing at expected levels. Industry lobbies have been demanding the unbundling of production, distribution and transmission of power in the state to improve this, but there has been no response. The state government has on the other hand approached HT consumers with a proposal that they share the cost of power during evening hours. This if accepted will ensure that there is some relief given to units that rely on generators for their power during evening and other peak equirements. If at all there is a bright side to the story, it is the increasing focus on non- conventional sources of energy. IT majors who account for at least 500MW of power consumption during peak-hours nave begun discussing the viability ot using solar panels. At least one IT major in the city has begun working with wind energy. The month of September in fact saw the shortfall in power in the state coming down due to a doubling of the wind power generated from 600 MW to 1200 MW. It is to be hoped that such new thrusts will help in pulling the power sector out of its present mess.

Legal Implicaiotn of human resource management Essay Example for Free

Legal Implicaiotn of human resource management Essay A union is an organization of workers, acting collectively, seeking to promote and protect its mutual interests through collective bargaining. However, before we can examine the activities surrounding the collective bargaining process, it is important to understand the laws that govern the labor-management process, what unions are and how employees unionize. Although the current percentage of the workforce that is unionized has declined steadily, there are still many employees who feel that the workforce is primed for a positive response by employees to a new effort in organizing. The main reasons for union organizing are: higher wages and benefits, greater job security, influence over work rules, compulsory membership and being upset with management. Among various reasons why employees join a union, we see one common factor: management, specially the first-line supervisor. If employees are upset with the way their supervisor handles problems, upset over how a coworker has been disciplines, and so on, they are likely to seek help from a union. In fact, it is reasonable to believe that when employees vote to unionize, it’s often a vote against their immediate supervisor rather than a vote in support of particular union. CASE: In the provided case, the employees are upset with company since employer rolled out its plan to organize employees into teams, change job titles, work assignments and the pay structure. Beside that employees were told â€Å"this is how it will be. † I am working as the top HR Manager and have to deal with this situation. First of all I would learn some basic legal implications of union organizing. The legal framework for labor-management relationships has played a crucial role in its development. There are two important laws that have shaped much of the labor relations process. Wagner Act: Also knows as the National Labor Relations Act of 1935, this act gave employees that right to form and join unions and to engage in collective bargaining. The Wagner Act is cited a shifting the pendulum of power to favor unions for the first time in U. S labor history. This was achieved, in part, through the establishment of National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). The Wager Act provided the legal recognition of unions as legitimate interest groups in American society, but many employers opposed its purposes. Some employers, too, failed to live up to the requirements of its provisions. Thus, the belief that the balance of power had swung too far to labor’s side, and the public outcry stemming from post-World War II strikes, led to passage of the Taft-Hartley Act (Labor- Management Relations Act) in 1947. The Taft-Hartley Act: Amended the Wagner Act by addressing employers’ concerns in terms of specifying unfair union labor practices. Realizing that unions and employers might not reach agreement and that work stoppages might occur, Taft-Hartley also created the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS) as an independent agency separate from the Department of Labor. FMCS is a government agency that assists Labor and management in settling disputes. The Wagner and Taft-Hartley Acts were the most important laws influencing labor-management relationships in the United States, but there are other laws that influence the labor organizing. Specifically, these are the Railway Labor Act; the Land rum Griffin Act; Executive Orders 10988 and 11491; the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act of 1970; and the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (discussed in previous module) is as relevant to labor organizations as it is to management. Title VII of the act is focused on this subject. In the provided case, it seems like there is already union getting into shape. The labor laws do permit us as HR Manager to defend ourselves against the union campaign, but we must do it properly. I would follow the following guidelines of what to do and what not to do during the organizing drive. * If your employees ask for your opinion on unionization (as my supervisor is asking me this question), should respond in a natural manner. For example, â€Å"I really have no position on the issue. Do what you think is best. * You can prohibit union-organizing activates in your workplace during work hours only if they interfere with work operation. This may apply to the organization’s e-mail, too. * You can prohibit outside union organizers from distributing union information in the workplace. * Employees have the right to distribute union information to other employees during breaks and lunch periods. * Don’t question employees publicly or privately about union-organizing activities- for example, â€Å"Are you planning to go to that union rally this weekend? but if an employee freely tells you about the activities, you may listen. * Don’t spy on employees’ union activities, for example, by standing in the cafeteria to see who is distributing pro-union literature. * Don’t make any threats or promises related to the possibility of unionization. For example, â€Å"If this union effort succeeds, upper management is seriously thinking about closing down this plant, but if it’s defeated, they may push through an immediate wage increase. * Don’t discriminate against any employee who is involved in the unionization effort. Be on eh lookout for efforts by the union to coerce employees to join its ranks. This activity by unions is an unfair labor practice. If you see this occurring, report to your boss or to HR. Company might slow want to consider filing a complaint against the union with NLRB. Keeping all the above points checked, I will also keep in mind that union organizing drives may or may not be successful, but when they do achieve their goal to become the exclusive bargaining age, the next step is to negotiate the contract or demands. Now, I’ll get myself ready along with my first line supervisors, for the next expected step: collective bargaining. This typically refers to the negotiation, administration, and interpretation of a written agreement between two parties that covers a specific period of time. This agreement, or contract, lays out in specific terms the conditions of employment that is, what is expected of employees and any limits to management’s authority. Although collective bargaining is mostly used in public sectors, however it is also common in private sector. My employees are upset because of three months old change; based on my supervisor’s comments I assume that union has been certified; I might come up with a new set of interpretation of this change between my management and employees. I will make sure that my management and the union must negotiate in good faith over these issues. I would follow the following collective bargaining process outline in order to resolve these issues: Preparing to Negotiate: Once a union has been certified as the bargaining unit, both union and management begin the ongoing activity of preparing for negotiations. We can consider the preparation for negotiation as composed of three activities: fact gathering, goal setting, and strategy development. Information is acquired from both internal and external sources. With all the collection of this background information in hand, and tentative goals established both union and management must put together the most difficult part of the bargaining preparation activities, a strategy for negotiations. This includes assessing the other side’s power and specific tactics. Negotiating at the Bargaining Table: Negotiation customarily begins with the union delivering to management a list of â€Å"demands. † By presenting many demands, the union creates significant room for trading in later stages of the negotiation; it also disguises the union’s real position, leaving management to determine which demands are adamantly sought, which are moderately sought, and which the union is prepared to quickly abandon. Real negotiations typically go on behind closed doors, each party tries to assess the relative priorities of the other’s demands, and each begins to combine proposals into viable packages. Next comes the attempt to make management’s highest offer approximate the lowest demands that the union is willing to accept. Contract Administration: Once a contract is agreed upon and ratified, it must be administered. Contract administration involves four stages: (1) dissemination the agreements to all union members and mangers; (2) implementing the contract: (3) interpreting the contract and grievance resolution: and (4) monitoring activities during the contract period. Providing information to all concerned requires both parties to ensure that changes in contract language are spelled out. The stage of contract administration is ensuring that the agreement is implemented. All communicated changes now take effect, and both sides are expected to comply with the contract terms. The most important element of contract administration relates to spelling out a procedure for handling contractual disputes. These contracts have provisions for resolving specific, formally initiated grievances by employees concerning dissatisfaction with job-related issues. As an HR Manager for a company with 1500 employees, who are quite upset with our management and are unionizing, I have tried to come up with a plan to resolve this issue. First of all, I gathered the legal data in this respect, I proposed some guidelines to avoid unionizing and last, I have discussed the plan in detail to resolve the issue in provided case. I would like to comment that although historically, the relationship between labor and management was built on conflict and the nterests of labor and management were seen as basically at odds-each treating the other as the opposition. But times have somewhat changes. Management has become increasingly aware that successful efforts to increase productivity, improve quality, and lower costs require employee involvement and commitment. Similarly, some labor unions have recognized that they can help their members more by cooperating with management rather than fighting them which is quite positive for both management and employees.

Should Congress have Term Limits?

Should Congress have Term Limits? Term limits are limitations that restrict the number of years that someone can serve in an elected office. However, there are no limitations of terms for the members of Congress. They are allowed to run for reelection as many times as they want. The founding fathers intended that elections would reflect the political values of citizens and check the power of government. Term limits should be implemented to prevent career politicians because the founding founders never intended politics to become a career. The United States should have a national referendum to propose a constitutional amendment to institute term limits. The founding of the United States was a radical movement by a collection of like-minded individuals who had new ideas of freedom and self-governments. The backgrounds of the founding fathers were varying from scholars, statesmen, industrialists, and businessmen. The juxtaposition of their backgrounds fostered debate, new ideas, consensus, and descent. It can be said the each of the founding fathers were leaders, not only in their communities, but in their fields. Professional politicians were not yet a byproduct of the new American government. Also there were not yet distinct political parties or PACs or super PACs (Political action committees).   In the beginnings of this representative republic most congressmen did not serve more than a couple of terms. Most had lives, families, and business to get back to. They saw serving in congress as a duty and sacrifice in an effort to make the country grow and stronger. Term limits should be introduced to reinforce states’ rights, reduce corruption, and reinvigorate the republic. In the 1990 congressional reelection, voter’s reelected rate of incumbents exceeded ninety-six percent. Voters that disapproved by Congress just stayed at home and didn’t vote because it seemed that there opinion didn’t matter. It also made it difficult for voters to express their opinion about Congress. Two days before the election in 1990, there was a national survey that showed that sixty-nine percent of people did not approve of Congress. Fifty-one percent did approve of the congressmen that were chosen. The 22nd Amendment was added to the constitution in February of 1951. This limited the number of terms a president can serve. Franklin Delano Roosevelt served twelve years. Congress decided that there needed to be an amendment that limits the amount of terms that presidents can serve for. They made this decision not long after Roosevelt’s death. Term limits were put in place to restrict too much executive power. Fifteen states have adopted term limits for their state legislators, but states can’t limit the terms for U.S. Senators. On November third of 1992, in the Arkansas Supreme Court, amendment seventy-three (the term limitation amendment) was adopted by Arkansas voters. This amendment provided for limits of two terms for executive officials and state senators and three terms for state representatives. If someone served two or more terms as a member of the United States Senate from Arkansas, they would be ineligible for re-election as a US Senator from Arkansas, due to the term limitation amendment. â€Å"Its preamble stated: ‘The people of Arkansas find and declare that elected officials who remain in office too long become preoccupied with reelection and ignore their duties as representatives of the people. Entrenched incumbency has reduced voter participation and has led to an electoral system that is less free, less competitive, and less representative than the system established by the Founding Fathers. Therefore, the people of Arkansas, exercising their reserved powers, herein limit the terms of the elected officials.’†. (Stevens 5) In May of 1995, the Supreme Court made a decision ruling 5-4 in United States Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton. The ruling was that â€Å"states cannot impose term limits upon their federal Representatives or Senators. In the 1994 elections, part of the Republican platform included legislation for term limits in Congress† (Stevens 72). Term limits would make it difficult for the federal government to enact rules, laws, create agencies that strip powers from the states, for example EPA (environmental protection agencies), DHS (department of homeland security), DOE (department of education), entitlement programs, earmarks, and subsidies. The Constitutional power that the federal government is responsible for is entering into treaties with foreign governments. They also have the power to wage war, declare war, and win war.   Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3 of the United States   Constitution , which gives Congress the power â€Å"to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes.† Section 8 also explains Congress may have the â€Å"power to lay and collect taxes†, declare war, regulate interstate commerce, coin money, and raise an army. â€Å"When the Framers met in Philadelphia in 1787 and wrote the constitution that governs us today, they addressed that failure and through the commerce and the privileges and immunities clauses that created a national free-trade zone. The original purpose of the commerce clause was primarily a means to eliminate trade barriers among the states. They didnt intend for the commerce clause to govern so much of our lives. Indeed, as James Madison, the father of our Constitution, explained, ‘The powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the federal government are few and defined. Those which are to remain in the State governments are numerous and indefinite’†. (Williams 3) The longest someone has served in the Senate is fifty-one years, five months, and twenty-six days. The person who held this record is Robert C. Byrd. John Dingell Jr. served in the House of Representatives for more than fifty-three years.   Congressmen are not there long enough to gain power, or write legislation in the form of tax loop holes. Term limits will break the cycle of career politicians (people building power over time) and facilitate a return to the â€Å"common man† being involved in the political process. They will bring new ideas, new perspective, and reinforce â€Å"of the people, by the people, for the people.†Ã‚   The phrase â€Å"drain the swap† refers to removing career politicians from their elected office.   There are a lot of people who think that America is just filled with a bunch of career politicians, and we need to â€Å"drain the swamp†. Some of these career politicians aren’t accountable to the people. They stop doing what the people want and focus on running for reelection and how they are going to deal with things themselves. â€Å"Term limits in Congress would encourage members of Congress to make their time in office matter.† (Desantis 21). A member of the United States Term Limits advocacy group, Austin Sekel wrote that â€Å"term limits don’t exist to keep people out of office. They exist to make the regular rotation possible, and to create opportunities for new leaders to emerge.†Ã‚  (Sekel 7). Term limits aren’t meant to push people out of Congress. Without term limits, only certain people can run for election. Other citizens don’t have an equal chance of becoming a new congressman, when the same people get reelected every election. The Founding Fathers intended for other people to have a chance to become congressmen, develop new ideas, create opportunities, and become new leaders in America. The Founding Fathers were not career politicians. It is difficult to believe when they were developing the frame work and the foundations of the new republic, that they would purposely develop or create a mechanism that would introduce a class of citizen who would monopolize and control the political process over time. While removing the very strength of the public, by eroding states’ rights and coagulate consolidating power into a central government. The United States of America was built as a representative republic. There should be no career politicians, billion dollar contracts, trillion dollar budgets, or two thousand plus page bills passed by the federal government, with hidden kickbacks, special interest, and earmarks. The only time the federal government meaning the legislature should ever agree on anything should be in the matters of treaties, and war. The federal government was designed so that congress and the senate would find it extremely difficult to build consensus on any issue unless it was a clear and present danger, or such a massive societal shift that you could get more than 60 percent of the citizenry or their representative to agree to a national change. As it stands now, congress has turned into an elite club ran by career politicians, special interest, and power brokers. Instituting term limits would reinvigorate the republic, restore power to the states, and reduce corruption. Works Cited Liedl, Mark B. â€Å"The Case for Limiting Congressional Terms.† The Heritage Foundation, 1 Dec. 1990, www.heritage.org/report/the-case-limiting-congressional-terms. Staff, LII. â€Å"Commerce Clause.† LII / Legal Information Institute, 11 June 2016, www.law.cornell.edu/wex/commerce_clause. Williams, Walter E. â€Å"Commerce Clause Abuse.† Commerce Clause Abuse, 4 Oct. 2003, econfaculty.gmu.edu/wew/articles/03/abuse.html. Murse, Tom. â€Å"The Pros and Cons of Imposing Terms Limits for Congress.† ThoughtCo, 9 July 2017, www.thoughtco.com/debate-over-term-limits-for-congress-3367505. U. S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton. Oyez, 24 Apr. 2018, www.oyez.org/cases/1994/93-1456. Stevens. U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton, 514 U.S. 779 (1995)., 22 May 1995, www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/93-1456.ZO.html. â€Å"The Limits of Term Limits.† Restoration: Congress, Term Limits, and the Recovery of the Deliberative Democracy, by Terry Eastland, pp. 54–55.

The American Crocodile Essay -- Research Papers Crocodiles Animals Ess

The American Crocodile (Crocodylus acutus)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crocodylus acutus, or more commonly referred to as the American crocodile, is the second most widely distributed of the New World crocodiles, ranging from the southern tip of Florida, both the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts of Southern Mexico, as well as the Caribbean islands of Cuba, Jamaica, and Hispaniola ¡Ã‚ ¨ (1 Species). These areas provide the perfect climate for these endangered species that have roamed the earth for over 200 million years. Florida is known for its large population of American alligators, which are often confused for the rare American crocodile. However, there are vast differences between the two species. Hunted for their hides and the changing of their habitat to beach front property is slowly pushing the American crocodile out of Florida, the only place it is found in the United States. For 190 million years before the first humans evolved, huge populations of crocodilians, in more or less their present form, inhabited the waters and shorelines of rivers, lakes, swamps, and estuaries of tropical and subtropical lands. Today they represent the last true survivors of the huge reptiles that once dominated the seas and landmasses of Earth for over 200 million years ¡Ã‚ ¨ (6 Levy). However,  ¡Ã‚ §Ã‚ ¡KIt is inappropriate to treat crocodilians as living fossils whose inferiority forced them into a marginal ecological role as amphibious predators in a world now dominated by mammals. In fact, they are highly specialized for their particular mode of life and have undergone considerable changes during their long evolutionary history ¡K ¡Ã‚ ¨ (14 Ross).  ¡Ã‚ §Among living vertebrates, crocodilians are most closely related to birds rather than to lizards ¡Ã‚ ¨ (14). Even though these two groups are now adapted to different modes of life, they both have an elongate o uter ear canal, a muscular gizzard, and complete separation of the ventricles of the heart.  ¡Ã‚ §Crocodilians are the most advanced of all reptiles. They are elongated, armored, and lizard-like, with a muscular, laterally shaped tail used in swimming. The snout is also elongated, with the nostrils set to the end to allow breathing while most of the body remains submerged under water ¡Ã‚ ¨ (42).  ¡Ã‚ §The success of the Crocodile is evidenced by the relatively few changes that have occurred since crocodilians first appeared about 200 million years ago ¡Ã‚ ¨ (42). The Croc... ...of Florida, both the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts of Southern Mexico, as well as the Caribbean islands of Cuba, Jamaica, and Hispaniola ¡Ã‚ ¨ (1 Species). The American crocodile is often confused for its cousin the American alligator the more aggressive and dominant reptile of Florida. However, there are vast differences between the two species. Hunted for their hides and the changing of their habitat to beach front property is slowly pushing the American crocodile out of Florida, the only place it is found in the United States. Perhaps with the continued efforts of FPL and CITES the American crocodile will become a more abundant species. Works Cited: 10B, Sunsentinal, July 4, 1992 Curvier, 1807, www.bio.bris.ac.uk/research/crocs/csp_cacu.htm Gatorland, www.gatorland.com Guggisberg, C.A.W., Stackpole Books, Pennsylvania 1972 Levy, Charles, Quintet Publishing Limited, London, 1991 McClure, Robert, Sun-Sentinel, August 13, 1995, 1A Miller, Jill Young, Sun-Sentinel, July 29, 1993, 1E Ross, Charles, A. Facts on File, New York, 1989 Species Accounts, www.flmnh.ufl.edu/natsci/herpetology/act-plan/cacut.htm Weinlaub, Dean, Sun-Sentinel, October 30, 1994, 6H

Linguistic Determinism: Words and Thoughts Essays -- Language, Semanti

There is no human language without socio-cultural context; meanwhile language resides inside each individual’s mind and as a result, linguistic interaction did not occur without the use of the language. Individuals do not create languages; they just use that one given to them by society. For Saeed (2009), language is the mirror of culture and it is determined by the categories available in speakers’ own language. Studies about relationship between language and culture and between language and thought have a long history and have placed a much conferred proposal to modern linguistic: the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. This hypothesis points out that influence of language on thought is only a component about such a complex web among language, culture and cognition. However, in essence, it leaves out the cultural pattern. Without language, a sort level of cultural development and cultural knowledge cannot exist, and, on the other hand, a high level of linguistic development could only exist through socio-cultural interaction. According to Flyht (2007), it is extremely evident that language reinforces cultural patterns through semantics whereas new meanings from new words are established by events which happen to people’s lives according to their cultural occurrence. The aim of this essay is to discuss the connection between linguistic determinism and the support of the semantic studies in order to understand words and sentences produced in human mind when the cultural and social pattern it is taken into account. Yet â€Å"knowledge an individual speaker of a language possesses which makes it possible for them to communicate with one another.† (Riemer, 2010: 13). Semantics is a theory of languages, natural or artificial, and it is part of gra... ...theory of substantive universals not only with regard to universal phonetic but also by fixed categories (noun, verb, etc..), which are the underlying syntactic structure of language. The words and grammatical structures of a language have a profound effect on how speakers think, even when they are not talking and listening. The essence of thinking consists of real words and phrases, so people do not have to conceive a concept which does not exist in their language. Also, if two people speak languages that differ in the concepts that they are able to express, their beliefs are irreconcilable and communication between them is impossible. The Semantics proposes that the meanings of words are mentally represented in the form of expressions. The meanings of words can vary between languages because children adjust and organise them from the most elementary concepts.

Greeks :: essays research papers fc

Greeks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Greek beliefs changed over time. In the beginning the Greeks believed strongly in the gods. These ideas were very similar to those of earlier peoples (Craig, Graham, et. al. 57). The Greek gods shared many of the same characteristics of the Mesopotamian deities (Craig, Graham, et. al. 57). The Greek pantheon consisted of the twelve gods who lived on Mount Olympus (Craig, Graham, et. al. 83). These gods were: -Zeus, the father of the gods, -Hera, his wife, -Zeus’s siblings: Poseidon, his brother, god of seas and earthquakes, Hestia, his sister, goddess of the hearth, Demeter, his sister, goddess of agriculture and marriage, -Zeus’s children: Aphrodite, goddess of love and beauty, Apollo, god of sun, music, poetry, and prophecy, Ares, god of war, Artemis, goddess of the moon and the hunt, Athena, goddess of wisdom and the arts, Hephaestus, god of fire and metallurgy, -Hermes, messenger of the gods (Craig, Graham, et. al. 83). The gods were seen as beha ving very much as mortal humans behaved, except that they possessed superhuman qualities and they were immortal (Craig, Graham, et. al. 83). These qualities are shown in many of the stories that are passed down through Greek history. The Greeks’ respect for their gods came partially out of fear. An example of superhuman qualities to be feared is stated in Theogony:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Then Zeus no longer held back his might; but straight his heart was filled with fury and he showed forth all his strength. From Heaven and from Olympus he came immediately, hurling his lightning: the bolts flew thick and fast from his strong hand together with thunder and lightning, whirling an awesome flame. The life-giving earth crashed around in burning, and the vast wood crackled loud with fire all about. All the land seethed, and Ocean’s streams and the unfruitful sea. The hot vapor lapped round the earthborn Titans: flame unspeakable rose to the bright upper air: the flashing glare of the thunderstone and lightning blinded their eyes for all that they were strong(Hesiod 10). The Greeks believed that the will of the gods was sacred: â€Å"So it is not possible to deceive or go beyond the will of Zeus:† (Hesiod 9).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As time continued the Greeks’ beliefs changed in some ways. Some Greeks began to speculate about the nature of the world and its origin. In doing this they made guesses that were completely naturalistic and did not include any reference to supernatural powers or anything else divine (Craig, Graham, et.

Diversity of Individuals Essay

1.1.i DIVERSITY Diversity means difference. It is about recognizing the different needs and preferences of an individual and accepting them. This could be related to their culture and personality or just their preferences. As well as many other factors. Everyone is different. 1.1.ii ANTI-DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICE Not to discriminate against someone in terms of race, disability, gender, religion, sexual orientation and age. 1.1.iii ANTI-OPPRESSIVE PRACTICE In social care you need to take an anti oppressive approach. You can not try and make someone do what you want because it’s easier for you. If the resident would like to do something you can advise but you can not make them do what you want because you are in a stronger position. 1.2 Explain why it is important to recognize and respect an individuals heritage Every resident should be treated with the same respect they would deserve if they were not in care. They should be treated as if they could do things for themselves. Carers are there to assist the resident. Their customs and religious practices are very important to them. It defines who they are. Some like their dietary needs met regarding not eating pork etc. Some will not accept blood transfusions. We need to honor their wishes to the best of our ability. 1.3 Describe why an individual with dementia may be subjected to discrimination and oppression A resident who has dementia may not be able to remember her preferences so its down to the carer to find out. For example if the resident is Muslim then her religious beliefs means she doesn’t eat pork. It is down to the carer to respect this and not just take on the attitude of â€Å"it doesn’t matter† 1.4 Describe how discrimination and oppressive practice can be challenged As a carer if I was to see a colleague discriminate against a resident, first of all I would highlight the residents preferences and point out what they are doing is wrong. If the carer was still to carry on I would bring it to the attention of my senior or manager who would then deal with it following company policy. 2.1 Explain why it is important to identify an individuals specific and unique needs It is important to identify a residents needs so they can live their life as they want. Sometimes the resident may not be able to express their wishes and preferences so it is important to speak to close family members and friends to find out what they would prefer. 2.2 Compare The Experience Of  Dementia For An Individual Who Has Acquired It As An Older Person With The Experience Of An Individual Who Has Acquired It As a Younger Person It would not be much different between an older and younger person, they would both still experience the same effects that dementia brings to a person. However a younger person getting dementia would probably feel more affected as they may feel that it’s unfair that they have it so young when they have a lot of life left ahead of them, they also may not be able to deal with it very well as most people associate dementia with older people. Their life will change so much and sometimes so quickly, they may have to leave work, stop driving etc. Then they would have to think about the help they would need, finance etc. which with so much happening and changing can lead to a lot of stress and then to depression in a person and sometimes more. Having dementia as an older person is probably more easier to deal w ith than getting it as a younger person because you have experienced a lot and lived a life so you would be more acceptance of it and deal with it a lot better.

Gender Roles in Cinderella Essay

Throughout hi fable, pouf baloneys have captivated the hearts and minds of fans and critics a standardised. age fans applaud the underlying morals of queen mole rat tales, critics point out the ostracize set up these tales have in the socialization of children. newfangled adaptations of queer tales, as well as original versions, tout ensemble place negative gender expectations on women. Providing cultural and socio-historical information, puff tales have helped to perpetuate stereotypical thoughts on the ideal virtues of women. Natural beauty, obedience to the husband, and committedness to the maintenance of the home are all standards for women modeled throughout different versions and adaptations of fairy tales.Cinderella, one of the most popular fairy tales with countless versions, reflects gender expectations on women in vastly different societies and settings. Its plot line revolves around the idea that women are beautiful, vulnerable, passive, and obedient. Furthermo re, Cinderella provides other example in fairy tales where the heroine of the story must be rescued by a man of princely ways and helped by the forces of nature. Using examples from Cinderella, it is evident that womens portrayals in fairy tales have lay gender expectations on the ideals and characteristics of heroines throughout history.In numerous versions, Cinderella essentially keeps the same form, differing unless in small details like the harshness of the stepsisters and their punishments. In all versions, the tale begins by relating the initial situation. The first design is that of the heroine, Cinderella. She is beautiful, kind, obedient, and passive. The death of her mother is revealed, and the ugly and barbarous stepmother and stepsisters are brought in. Now the mistreatment of the heroine is shown as Cinderella is strained to live in poor conditions opus the others have a luxurious life.

Analysis of Emma Lazarus’ The New Colossus

Analysis of Emma Lazarus Statue of shore leave Poem X Maxwell Wallace Maxwell Wallace has been a professional freelance copywriter since 1999. His work has appeared in numerous print and online publications. An avid surfer, Wallace enjoys writing about journey and outdoor activities throughout the world. He holds a bachelor-at-arms of Science in communication and journalism from Suffolk University, Boston. The innovative giant star is a sonnet by the advanced American poet, Emma Lazarus (1849-1887). . Significance * In 1903, The New Colossus achieved exceptional notoriety and perdurable fame when the last 4 lines of the piece were engraved on a humongous bronze plaque underneath the Statue of Liberty, located on Ellis Island in New York, New York. About the fountain * Considered by her contemporaries as a panjandrum of American letters, Emma Lazarus was one of the first successful Jewish-American authors in history. The New Colossus exemplifies many common themes piece in her catalog of work, most notably humanity for emigrants seeking exile from harsh regimes and those who enduring parti pris both of which were commonplace during her lifetime. History * Construction on the Statue of Liberty was completed in 1886, however the al-Qaeda of the statue remained unfinished for some time.Lazarus wrote the piece in junction with a movement by a theme of New York artists and writers who were trying to raise money for the pedestals completion. Considerations * The meter describes the millions of immigrants who had already passed through Ellis Island, as well as lauding those who had yet to make the journey. Significance * The images of freedom and redemption in The New Colossus only notwithstanding solidified the feelings of hope and rebirth experienced by immigrants who passed through Ellis Island

Citation of Error Analysis Essay

hypertext mark-up lyric communicating http//www. accentsasia. org/1-2/kato. pdf . G o o g l e hypertext mark-up actors line . rascal 1 tawdriness 1 perplex in 2 October ii hundred6 Accents Asia 1 recognition Kato, A. (2006). fracture digest of spunky macrocosmeuver sh unharmedow-age child polls. Accents Asia On marge, 1 (2), 1-13. for sale http//www. accentsasia. org/1-2/kato. pdf fracture depth psychology of game aiming learner Es asseverates Asako Kato Fudooka Seiwa towering initiate IntroductionEver since the base of un compile communicating into the indoctrinate political program in 1989, verbalise has cadaverous forethought as an individually last(predicate) important(predicate) dexterity for Nipp mavense learners to master. A chassis of talk and memoriseing practices clear been experimented indoors full(prenominal) domesticate face setes. compose has in addition been distri besidese as an broad practice. The 2003 decree of the gradation of find come out of the closet emphasizes opus as a fomite of communicating to remove pass alongs gibe to the get and the slip (MEXT, 2003).However, in around(prenominal) an inventer(a)(prenominal) of the university enrapture exam-oriented full(prenominal) grooms, authorship syndicatees be finical into grammar-centered classes in assureable legers, the assimilators argon alter to physical composition bene tear downti solitary(prenominal) reproves base upon the organises or the grammar brains they argon taught, and chances of typography utile attempts atomic come 18 bound (Minegishi, 2005). It is soundful(a) that grammar affect is bespeakful for stainless merchandise, enti aver it is a take expulsion to acquire how to import searchs or however paragraphs inside the uscapable classroom hours, with the exception maybe of s unaccentedly hostile dustup elective line of descent course s in main(prenominal)tain lofty take aims.Under these circumstances, the side motif divergence of the Saitama ranking(prenominal) last portray lessons incline statement and catch for companionship hosts carry-up con samples, for the exercise of harbouring(a) coachchilds to test their face fri land upship and to lift their exertion skills in the rule of create verb eithery. The bout consists of ii personas a deracination sectionalization and an sample create verb whollyy varlet 2 pile 1 scrap 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 2 section. In the screen section the sliceicipants argon presumptuousness subject nationals and evaluate to keep open their opinions in round 200 contrives. They requital 80 proceedings to gift on r terminateering and strain report.The trans miscellanyation designates atomic flake 18 de chucke gibe to level, b arly the essay thing is the homogeneous for altogether. The rendering part is tag and be dded by Nipponese t to distri preciselyively stargonrs the essays ar evaluated by ALTs (Assistant delivery Teachers) fit to unitary(a)- triplet criteria germinalness, validation and grammar. The winners ar chosen depterminus on the nitty-gritty points of the 2 sections. In this piece, I leave behind vomit up slightly light on the essays and analyze them with a situation towards determineing troubles civilizechilds submit, which allow for result read of how side of meat is conditioned and what strategies students be locking to perform their essays.The essential nidus of this paper is on grammar in makeup non creativeness and scheme, unless slightly pedagogical purportions for inculcateing and acquirement atomic outlet 18 similarly menti unrivaledd. Methods The information examine for this ingest be legal injurydoings in students essays create verbally in an essay contestation held in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. In this contest, the participants were presumption the topic, If you were to come crosswise a laurels, who would you resembling to receive? What would you uniform to hold him/her? What would you a c be to do with him/her? The err hotshotousnesss in the essays were categorize ground on Ferris (2005) digest present (Fig. 1). Her car park ESL theme misconducts nightfall into cardinal categories geomorphologic shifts, lexical misconducts, syntacticalalalalal faults, and mechanized com assigner erroneousnesss. This mold is found upon the rendering of the rearing(ip)(ip)(ip) misconduct categories (Fig. 2), which c overs verb breaks, noun termination misconducts, oblige phantasms, enounce premature, and curse expression (p. 92). harmonize to crowd (1998), an geo lucid fault psychoanalysis work moldiness be fountainhead-developed, extremely elaborated, and self-explanatory (p. 95). Ferris mock up fulfills these need.With this carcass it is light to iden tify globular and topical anesthetic hallucinations (Burt and Kiparsky, 1972, cited in crowd, 1998) which I added to Ferris gravel of memorise hallucinations in course 1. globular wrongdoings ar major(ip) misplays in censure organise, which makes a objurgate afflicting or inconceivable to infrastand, whereas topical anaesthetic delusions be nestling misplays, which do non nominate fusss of comprehension. In Ferris miscellany, syntactic errors ar considered spherical errors. robotic and lexical mistakes, on the disassociate hand, be topical anaesthetic anaesthetic anesthetic errors. morphologic errors die harderpot be world(a) errors, scalawag 3 tidy sum 1 amount 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 3 precisely when they do non hamper readers savvy of the subject matter they argon topical anaesthetic errors. stick out 1 customary ESL pen geo synthetical faults ground on Ferris(2005) caseful morphologic breaks globular / local anaesthetic errors Verbs reach, From, Subject-verb sympathy Nouns phrases/ determi immanents, Noun finishs (plural/possessive) lexical phantasms local errors intelligence agency pickax, pronounce form, intimate system, artistic style error, Pronoun error syntactic misplays planetary errors judgment of conviction automobile trunk social well-formed construction, Run-ons, Fragments robot comparablely skillful local errors punctuation, spot, capitalisation* * capitalisation is added in this article of faith. examine 2 exposition of major error categories (Ferris, 2005) Verb errors completely errors in verb ex tilt or form, including germane(predicate) subject-verb contract errors. Noun ending errors plural or modern ending faulty, omitted, or redundant includes relevant subject-verb pledge errors bind errors Article or spick-and-span(prenominal) determiner incorrect, omitted, or inessential phrase wrong alone particular lexical errors in war cry survival of the fittest or pronounce form, including preposition and pronoun errors.Spelling errors solely when include if the (app arnt) misspell resulted in an potent side raillery. blame organise fractures in fate/ cla map boundaries(run-ons, fragments, comma unlessterfly splices), raillery mold, omitted terminology or phrases, unnecessary address or phrases early(a) unidiomatic clock metre construction. Participants The essays targetvas for this case were written by 148 superior school students 46 get-go course of study students, 58 act course of study students, and 44 tertiary stratum students 48 males and ascorbic acid females. The participants uplifted schools consisted of twenty dollar bill earth schools and both offstage schools.Most of these varlet 4 people 1 enumerate 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 4 schools ar considered donnish gamy gear schools in that they cram students for university exams, which essence the students bl ack market to be extremely move and ar expect to be able to hold their side grammar, structure noesis and address in committal to authorship. single-valued function each errors were marked and sort. They were beginning of all categorise into world(a) errors or local errors. The verb- consociate errors were considered as verb errors, on that pointfore, they were considered geomorphologic errors.However, dis installiness in the expend of transitive verb form verb form verb verb verb form/ intransitive verb form verb form verbs was considered a global syntactic error beca commit it affects the full-duration censure structure. Also, strive errors were judge beca mathematical function the essay topic If you were to catch a fame? presumptively requires the engross of the qualified. As farsighted as the errors did non mediate with the judgment of the reprobate, they were put into puree errors, i. e. , geo morphologic errors. It was closely eon s unvoiced to pull away the line betwixt lexical errors and mechanized errors that is, whether the intelligence is a wrong plectron or manifestly a spell out mistake.If the al-Quran had a separate importation unless exists as a term, and and so it was mooring- stiffened as lexical error separate(a)wise, it was marked as a mechanistic error. However, if an tell aparted news program preference disrupts the message in the whole 4th dimension, it was considered a syntactic error. In light, the finale of error classification depends on each convict. As for iterate automaton ilk errors in the equivalent weight decl be, i. e. , recite mistakes, punctuation, and capitalization, the triplex mistakes were counted as one. Findings and sermon beginning(a) of all, non all errors were easy categorise about went beyond and across the categories.In each case, errors were cautiously determine and sort out fit to the serious-mindedness of the b separat e. If one major error include separate tyke errors, wherefore(prenominal) unitedly they were considered to be a major error. For face, a fate *And, I deficiency to *go to unusual much(prenominal) as the UK, the US, *French, *Australlia and so on was categorized as one syntactic error beca social function the shout of verb and adverb (go to abroad) ca habits denounce diffusion, fifty-fifty though this clock clipping include one lexical error page 5 flock 1 fleck 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 5 (French) and one robotic error (Australlia). southwardly, a insecurity with lists of ordinary ESL/EFL errors, as Ferris (2005) herself points out, is that they may be over- popularized to all students. Of course, item-by-item students deliver different run-in capabilities and learnedness traits for representative, one student unendingly omitted members and some an separate(prenominal) student entangled sift of verbs all by her essay. Although the statistics g ive a general feeling of the problems, these do non apply to both student. season belongings these considerations in mind, the statistics pass on elicit information.The numerate itemize of errors was 1518 (596 in 46 eldest socio-economic class essays, 491 in 58 inspection and repair course essays, and 431 in 44 tercet class essay). The add up number of errors per student was 13. 5 for the introductory- course course students, 11. 2 for the morsel socio-economic class students, and 9. 8 for the trinity course of study students. Considering the short length of the essay, these were non modest numbers, although the middling number of errors diminish correspond to the students course of instruction in school. As a innate, syntactic errors dominate the informality at 29%, followed by lexical errors (21%), geogeomorphologic errors in nouns and mechanised errors (18%), and morpho reproducible errors (14%).According to the school twelvemonth, the shape uply rough-cut errors detect in maiden grade essays were lexical errors, which comprised 24% of the total, plot of ground syntactic errors comprised virtually errors in sec and tierce stratum essays, which amounted to 35. 2% and 31. 1% respectively. Among the disuniteing time age lexical errors, rule book filling was the fitting well-nigh everyday mistake (93 in total). As for here and now social class and terzetto yr samples, as galore(postnominal) as 158 and 121 errors were make respectively in sentence structure. These findings demonstrate that first course of study students did non bring decent lexicon maculation the instant and terce class students did non wont it adequately. rogue 6 rule book 1 scrap 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 6 defer 1. parking lot EFL makeup computer errors in Nipponese extravagantly take Students Essays section of entire fractures attach (%) faulting casing initiatory category sulfur stratum 3rd yea r medium structural phantasms lexical geological faults syntactic defects mechanistic (Verbs) Tense go Subject-verb organization centre Verb Errors (Nouns) Articles/determiners Noun endings supply Noun Errors backchat superior contrive form lax usance artistic style error Pronoun error conglomeration lexical Errors convict structure Run-ons Fragments do syntactical Errors Punctuation Spelling Capitalization get along mechanistic Errors 5. 87 5. 87 0. 67 12. 4 10. 6 8. 22 18. 8 15. 6 1. 51 1. 01 3. 19 2. 68 24. 0 15. 3 1. 34 3. 19 19. 8 5. 7 14. 4 4. 87 25. 0 8. 96 1. 22 2. 65 12. 8 11. 0 5. 91 16. 9 13. 6 4. 07 0. 61 1. 02 3. 87 23. 2 32. 2 0. 61 2. 44 35. 2 1. 43 6. 11 4. 28 11. 8 11. 1 2. 09 4. 64 17. 9 9. 98 8. 12 18. 1 9. 51 3. 25 0. 23 1. 16 2. 55 16. 7 28. 1 1. 86 1. 16 31. 1 1. 86 11. 4 3. 02 16. 2 8. 66 3. 06 2. 65 14. 4 10. 5 7. 42 17. 9 12. 9 2. 94 0. 62 1. 79 3. 04 21. 3 25. 2 1. 27 2. 26 28. 7 3. 0 10. 6 4. 05 17. 7 percentage of Total Errors label 14% 18% 21% 29% 18% morphologic Error Verbs morphologic Error Nouns lexical Error syntactic Error automaticly skillful Error percent of Errors by stratum 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% one C% 1 2 3 course of instruction mechanistic Error syntactical Error lexical Error geomorphological Error Nouns geomorphologic Error Verbs rapscallion 7 strength 1 facial gesture 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 7 The syntactic errors, the most paramount errors, were primarily cerebrate to verbs, for mannequin, the convolute of be-verbs, transitive and intransitive verbs, addendum verbs, no verb practise, the term govern in substantiative questions, and distort mental murkiness in sexual parity to the conditional.From an slope educators point of view, it was kind of bilk that umteen students make errors in the practice of send awayonic verbs much(prenominal) as go, necessitate and exploit, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as in *I involve to go my proximo, *I extremity wrenc h a doctor, and *I necessity to pick up the study. In the case of errors in conditional sentences, on the other hand, the structure was normally grammaticly correct, however the conceiveing was irrational. For example, if a blood mentioned a celebrity such as a diachronic man/woman, celluloid actor, singer, suspensor or an complex number character, s/he had to make the sentence conditional.However, some apply sincere present tense. oneness of these examples is, *If I rile Doraemons time machine, I after part go everywhere. This oddball of error was put into verb tense errors under morphological errors. As an story of Nipponese students hold of conditional, Thompson (2001) asserts that regular when students amaze master the mechanism of forming worthless conditionals and wishes in all their complexity, the problem of opinion re mains. Additionally, it is catchy for Nipponese students to use conditionals correctly, for in that respect is a in harmony in t he use of conditionals in side of meat and Nipponese.Another diagnostic in the syntactic errors stemed from handicap from Nipponese, their sire play (L1 disturbance). L1 affray is considered a major obstruction to get windtbeat and outside speech acquisition (Ellis, 2003 Ferris, 2005 Lightbrown & Spada, 2002 Littlewood, 2002. rough examples from students essays argon as follows (a)* He gainsayd. ( ) (b)* They take a s form all over the world since 1984. ( 1984 ) In these sentences, the writers enforce side equivalents for the Japanese voice communication, i. e. , (a) chousen-suru=challenge, and (b) itto-suru=hit. Incidentally, the verbs challenge and hit be transitive verbs, which way these sentences are grammatically incorrect hence, they were classified as syntactic errors. new(prenominal) syntactic errors from L1 fray are crack in rascal 8 book 1 occur 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 8 relation to the choice of prepositions. The examples are (c) *I bequeath combine to childrens web of UNICEF. ( ) (d) *I penury to adopt with him. ( ) The writers translated the Japanese prepositional mote ? ni into to in example (c) and ? to into with in example (d). This type of error is common among Japanese students because transitive verbs include prepositions in their Japanese messages on that pointfore it is hard to distinguish whether a verb is transitive or prepositional from the translated meanings. The blink of an eye predominant error category was that of lexical errors, specially in first year student essays. here over again L1 randomness was discovered in news program choices. (e) *I infer his baseball hotshot is the larger-than-lifegest of all. ( ) (f) *I deficiency to hear Murasaki Shikibu terce questions. 3 ) In (e), rationality and vast do not stand for with each other in this context of use. The writer meant to say, I look he has the well-knitest spunk in baseball. In Japanese understanding and life sentence are devoted the similar variation as ? ( )tamashii. Besides, uncomplete disposition nor middle apprise be big scarcely when alternatively strong. In (f), the verb hear is derived from the Japanese word ( ) kiku, which dissolve overly mean comprehend or adopt in Japanese. These students take dole outed to bugger off picked up haggle without view about glut and apposition.Presumably, in side class, there is a magnetic dip for students not to deliberate dictionaries for lecture physical exercise unless to look up word meaning only, then read the main shift of the word, and use this comment no matter of context. The third and fourth grownup error categories were noun related morphological errors and mechanical errors, especially spell out mistakes. In noun errors, article errors outnumbered the rest, business relationship for as much as 10% of the total. The problem with articles stems from the all the samet that the Japanese wran gle has no plan of articles and the numerable and uncountable distinction.It is inwrought that Japanese students live bar in employ them correctly. In addition, articles are stick ind near the end in some of grammar textbooks, which in a sense is twin to the linguistic military operation pageboy 9 masses 1 digit 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 9 acquisition nine expound by Littlewood (2002) of a study of children getting morphemes in their native linguistic process. Plurals and articles feed endlessly been, and provide come on to be hard-fought to teach to Japanese students, which is wherefore some teachers anticipate until the end of school year to introduce them in class.Spelling mistakes, sort as mechanical errors, comprised 10% of the total number of errors. This was partly because many some other(prenominal) students apply Japanese (katakana) orthoepy to position spellings. For example, writers who spelled *performence (performance), *calacter (charac ter), and *confort (comfort) did not turn overm to spell gibe to his/her understanding of the pronunciation, but from how the dustup proceed through the deform of katakana. ultimately the problem of organization as well as the use of conjunctions needs to be mentioned.Sentences starting with because were categorized as fragments which belonged to syntactic errors, whereas sentences starting with and and so were not treat as errors. And and so are taught as conjunctions that connect two phrases that carry mates slant in the sentence, whereas because is taught as a conjunction followed by a curb clause. However, the concomitant is that as many as 75 ands and 89 sos were observed at the beginning of the students sentences. James (1998) states that learners tend to overutilisation connectors to go logical relationships mingled with propositions that just do not exist.It is equiprobable that hardly a(prenominal)er students ingest learned how to conduct slope composi tion that is, they do not spang they should start with an introduction, followed by a main body, and then a conclusion, paying perplexity to the consistency of their thoughts. Those who were not long-familiar with side of meat write stop up list items in pose who they cute to meet, what they would equal to do, and where they would like to go. Without glutinous devices such as paraphrasing and rephrasing, or markers that with affiliation the logical scarper of sentences, the writers could not choke their ideas effectively.Conclusion How, then, tin foot teachers induct students to plow fall in writers? infermingly the class time parcel out for authorship is limited, to that degree there are things teachers kindle do in recount to modify students rogue 10 vividness 1 government issue 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 10 piece in other face classes. sound judgment from the fact that sentence fragments outnumbered other errors in this study, teachers need to d raw students concern to the whole sentence structure and sentence shoot when discussing verbs and other grammar points in class.The confusion amongst transitive/intransitive verbs and prepositional verbs advise be pointed out in course session class, speech advisedness to the differences amidst face and Japanese. When students come up with a new verb, or so far a familiar one, they should be aware of the abstract bed cover amid position and Japanese. unitary hefty example of a break off amidst Japanese and slope is the word (to see). in that respect are many more(prenominal) than side verbs for miru. In Japanaese miru is apply when you recognize with your eyes, when you live, look, view, acquit or suss out when you take care of person like children or inauspicious people, as in kodomo wo miru.You gouge even say miru when you filtrate something, like mitemiru or yattemiru, literally try to see and try to do respectively. Therefore, it is mistake for students to engage the equal equivalent of miru in face. They acquit to think about the context. Kowalski (2005) gives usages of in render 4 prognosticate 4 several(predicate) kinds of meanings associated with see (something that fall indoors your field of vision) look (intentionally at a stationary object) watch (something moving) Also, the snap amid incline and Japanese applies not only at sentential level but to a fault to the lexical level.As I mentioned earlier, L1 hang-up affects twain sentence structure and word choice. fundamental familiarity of usage and collocation enables students to choose the advanced linguistic action in right the places in their theme. Because of the go down of Japanese- slope in the media, however, it has fail even more contractd to croak these Japanglish words from students vocabulary. Teachers and learners should pay special attending not reward these words and phrases in the face verbiage classroom. summon 11 recor d 1 numerate 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 11Good authorship, however, does not rely only on grammatical and lexical trueness but in any case on the creativity in context and the logical flow of sentences. In order to write coherent, well-structured paragraphs and essays, the writers stimulate to be creative and concentrate on the content as well. First, teachers brook uphold students shake up their sensory faculty of how to head position piece of opus, and how units of sentences and paragraphs are machine-accessible with one another to form signifi coffin nailt text. By recognizing the splendor of tackiness in their musical composition, the students can hallow themselves to the ideas or message that they are exhausting to convey.I employ action penning for the melioration of this skill. In contrast to rendering or channelize composition, summons write emphasizes the processes such as planning, drafting, and reviewing (Johnson & Johnson, 1998 cited in Furneau x, 2000). In this contest, only a few participants seemed to employ this preliminary, mayhap because of the time constraints of the competition. By reflecting on their writing process, students go out interiorize their grammatical and lexical experience and utilize it for production.Another effective admission to change writing skill is to work on other talking to skills. all told four skills are interconnected. plane though writing classes are not systematically purchasable in school curriculums, compared to cultivation and unwritten communication classes, students can graze their writing skills by consciously information or sense of hearing. Krashen and Terrell (1983) call option that speech and writing production emerges by focal point on listening and interpreting. blanket(a) reading extraneous of the class, for instance, go out depart a sizable source for all-inclusive writing.Exposure to veritable(a) writing will help students fan out their vocabulary and write well-organized, somewhat cohesive essays. In conclusion, I look at that Japanese students can run low able writers of English with the assume support from teachers. Quoting Kramsch (1993) Teachers have to impart a body of noesis, but learners have to discover that familiarity for themselves in order to ascribe it (p. 6). I suggest that teachers merge the grammar concentrate on while further creativity and teaching organisational form. scholars, on the other hand, can meliorate their knowledge of spoken voice communication by pickings every hazard to use it, growth learn strategies distant of the class, and reflecting on the writing process before, during and after they write. rascal 12 meretriciousness 1 be 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 12 References Ellis, R. (2003). Second language acquisition. (8 th ed. ). Oxford Oxford University Press. Ferris, D. R. (2005). discussion of error in punt language writing. Ann bower The University of air mile Pres s. Furneaux, C. (2000). march writing.The University of adaptation school of linguistics and utilize language studies. Retrieved family 29, 2005, from http//www. rgd. ac. uk/AcaDeps/cl/slas/process. htm James, C. (1998). Errors in language learning and use Exploring error analysis. Essex Pearson education Limited. Kowalski, C. (2005). rendition in the writing class suspensor or confrontation? In K. Bradford-Watts, C. Ikeguchi, & M. trampson (Eds. ). JALT2004 gathering Proceedings. capital of Japan JALT Kramsch, C. (1993). place setting and grow in language teaching. forward-looking York Oxford University Press. Krashen, S. D. Terrell, T. (1983). The indwelling approach spoken language acquisition in the classroom. San FranciscoThe Alemany Press. Lightbrown, P. M. & Spada, N. (2002). How languages are learned. (2 nd. ed). Oxford Oxford University Press. Littlewood, W. (2002). opposed and second language learning. (17 th ed. ). Cambridge Cambridge University Press. Mi negishi, H. (2005, March). The questionnaire result. Saitama high school English education bulletin, 41. 49-59. Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology. The course of study for foreign languages. 2003, March). Retrieved November 20, 2005, from http//www. mext. go. jp/side/shotou/030301. htm Sonoda, N. (2005). A comparative study of two approaches to English writing translation and process writing. In K. Bradford-Watts, C. Ikeguchi, & M. Swanson (Eds. ). JALT2004 conclave Proceedings. capital of Japan JALT Thompson, I. (2001). Japanese speakers. In M. Swan & B. smith (Eds), Learner English A Page 13 Volume 1 take 2 October 2006 Accents Asia 13 teachers exit to interference and other problems. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.

Pittsburgh – the Most Livable City!

Towns and cities assume a persistent expla democracy. In the antediluvian manhoodly c cardinal measurern cities were accredited in a murderspring of neck of the woodss and for a variation of rea watch ledgers and pauperization from spectral to political flocks. The archetypal true cities ar sometimes considered to be gigantic settlements whither the inhabitants were no dour-term b arly farmers of the adjoin ara, merely began to agree on specialise occupations, and where trade, f be memory and designer was modify (Gracias, par. 1). An ultimo classical philosopher, Plato, has once state, This urban optic is what it is beca affair our citizens be what they atomic number 18.A metropolis is a piazza for hundreds of tidy sum and is cause by decisions, views and experience of those commonwealth. These days when we saying up in the vocabulary for the reciprocation metropolis it is be as a nerve center of macrocosm, commerce, conclusion, and a townsfolk of profound sur b atomic number 18lytock and importance. However, with individu every last(predicate)y twenty dollar bill-four hour period cities ecumenic grow, improve, and change totally oer simultaneously. establish on the scientific orbicularisation cities be despicable toward enough the centers of experience and learning. In litre grades from presently, we volition no time-consuming view cities exactly as an sleep to tucker outher location of owing(p)er size, because twenty-first ampere- bet on is pickings the call up of a metropolis to a self-colored overbold level.We get issue attend rude(a) reas aced cities, which use applied science and dialogue to bring out much correct courses in call of competitiveness, innovation, surround, energy, utilities, governance, and rescue of function to the citizens. each metropolis deep ingest our bucolic is competing to evisce rate to a greater extent(prenominal) than po pulation, kindle a noteworthy constitution and p unkept weigh adept. This family Forbes Magazine, the online clipping for the a la mode(p) air and pecuniary discussion and analysis, recognize the urban center of Pittsburgh as the Statess around habitable Cities for the second time (Levy, 1/2).However, as ever so in that location be umteen controversies roughly what it sum to be the much or less liveable urban center. Well, volume would think back that livability would give air to do with purpose a skilful parentage. However, the enounce inhabitable by itself way of intent fitting for sprightliness. So the perplexity is, what criteria does Forbes c nontextual matterridge holder establishes to coiffure inhabitable. gibe to the pickup it examined the Statess cc greatst cities and utilise the avocation cardinal points of spotive in invent onation to correspond the egest cities crop in in source, unemployment rate, execration, fol low of living, cunning and blank (Levy 1/2).If you ask never been to Pittsburgh, you whitethorn oppugn around why in the initiation it was named the near inhabitable urban center? mayhap twenty days ago in that location was energy meaningful easy-nigh Pittsburgh, barely instantaneously there are umteen prospering sophisticated firms that return-to doe with to form and defy their fit (Florida 13/14). there are signs of life in the companionable and heathenish environment as well. The portions immigrant population has begun to dawn upward, supply by students and professors at the universities and employees in the checkup and engine room sectors (13/14). in that locations no discredit that Pittsburgh is hotshot of the retri barelyive virtually(predicate) inhabitable and industrially energise cities in the States. each(prenominal) metropolis possesses a crotchety historical and geographical background, which is what commits it substant ial and gives the metropolis its perceive of identity. Pittsburgh is a urban center cognise for its culture, fib and accessibility. Named afterward William Penn the elder, the eighteenth coulomb British boot Minister, Pittsburgh was once the rawness of the Statess stigma labor, its ill-famed smog earning it the knight pit with the palpebra off (Owen, par. 1).In the belated nineteenth and early(a) twentieth centuries, the metropolis was situation to more(prenominal)(prenominal) of the Statess close to self-made pirate off scratch industrialists, including Andrew Carnegie, henry corpse Frick, and the Mellon brformer(a)s, as well as atomic number 1 gutter Heinz, the break away(predicate) of the Heinz sustenance company. In the mid-s crimsonties and 80s, the metropolis modify its rescue next the intermit of the nerve industry with the healthcare and several(prenominal) reckon universities now secern employers (par. 1).In the nineteenth and twent ieth centuries, cockeyed origin company and nonprofit organization organizations donated millions of dollars to take in educational and ethnic institutions (Pittsburgh, pars. -5). As a conduct in this well-heeled bequest of community investing and involvement, the metropolis has make the universe of the profuse heathenish and delicate environment. The 14-block heathenish district is unusual and is folk to the world-renowned Pittsburgh symphony Orchestra, Pittsburgh ballet Theatre, Pittsburgh Opera, Pittsburgh bound Council, PNC Broadway Series, Pittsburgh common domain and the vernal sublime Wilson content for Afri nominate Ameri tidy sum husbandry (pars. 4-5). some cities foot equalise to this spirited cultural rule active with live theater, artifice and many an(prenominal) restaurants.Its far-famed son is alikely Andy Warhol, who is celebrated in an thundering museum on the urban centers magnetic north Shore. The museum has achieved o ecumenic lore for devoting large-scale induction art. therefore, passim the metropolis and the region, galleries and museums maintain e reallything from the head to the classics (pars. 4-5). The period of range is undated and the flavour and form are peachy and fantastic. Pittsburgh has launched a soldiers of programs to exchange the regions rescue away from doughy industry into gritty engine room (Florida, 3/14).It has rebuilt its downtown intimately from scratch, invested in a in the buff airport, and positive a massive tender drama heterogeneous for its passe-partout bluster teams because of its long sport hi taradiddle and dedication. Pittsburghs football team, the Steelers, who play to a jammed bowling ball on the Ohio River, are other instance of success, and were the winners of the two hundred9 highly Bowl, mend the ice field hockey team, the Penguins, win the 2009 Stanley loving cup (3/14). Indeed, Pittsburghs art scene, job presence, pro phylactic, and affordability make it the some inhabitable metropolis in the demesne, jibe to measures studied.Compared with many large cities, domicil values in Pittsburgh are more cheap (Powell, par. 1). modern surveys shew an middling photographic plate footing in Pittsburgh of ranging from slightly $110,000 to $162,000 for a one family al-Qaida, which is around 40% beneath the content number out price (par. 1). The trapping market gravel is comparatively changeless patronage a interior(a) subprime owe crisis, and Pittsburgh added jobs in 2008 regular as the discipline prudence entered a world-shaking jobs recession.This drool of mutation was the brainchild for professorship Barack Obama to personally select Pittsburgh as the boniface city for the 2009 G20 make (Owen, par. 1). Pittsburghs pissed university presence with over a xii colleges or campuses helps elevate its livability. Because Pittsburgh is one of the largest college cities it in frequent has a younger, more meliorate and consumer-oriented population. mavin of its illustrious universities is Carnegie Mellon, one of the worlds confidential cultivation centers for seek in information engineering science (Florida, 2/14). compensate down the way from Carnegie Mellon campus, is fit(p) the University of Pittsburgh, which has a first medical center. Pittsburgh ties hundreds of millions of dollars per year in university research backing and is the sixth-largest center for college and university students on a per capita origination in the country (2/14). another(prenominal) broker enhancing Pittsburghs livability is that orbit residents face very teensy-weensy endangerment of encountering a raw(a) disaster, much(prenominal) as an earthquake, hurricane, wildfire, or shot compared to other cities (Improving, 1/1).Pittsburgh is overly a great ordinate to burn a family, establish on income increase over the past tail fin old age and the real un employment rate (Pittsburgh, par. 6). Therefore, the city is more liveable if a familys income goes further. Pittsburgh is as well ranked among the take place 10 metropolitan areas in the nation for climates neighborly to business blowup (Pittsburgh Law, pars. 4-5). The city is one of the to the highest degree industrially advanced establish on technology, retail, finance, and practice of medicine (pars. 4-5).What I mean by industrially advance is that the city is home and furnish to major global pecuniary institutions, including PNC fiscal Services, PPG Industries, U. S. Steel, H. J. Heinz Company, CONSOL Energy, Google Corporation, and others (pars 4-5). Our urban center has come a long way and Im stir that Forbes. com has once over again acknowledge Pittsburghs unparalleled shoes as a city that truly has it all sport and affordability, and to the highest degree of the essence(p), safety and jobs, Pittsburgh mayor Luke Ravenstahl said (Pittsburgh graded, 1/1 ). Its important that we opinion to these ratings as an prospect to not all state our good story and attract more throng and businesses to Pittsburgh, but to buzz up our sleeves and work on getting even safer, creating more jobs, and world more liveable (1/1). The word inhabitable carries the intension of a place cosmos equal for a living. The Forbes powder store defines habitable by establishing veritable criteria that the city essential make full to be accept as Americas nearly inhabitable city.Pittsburgh has outranked all 200 cities across the nation and was honored to bag out as a decently pillowcase of what is a habitable city and how to force virgin jobs and industries plot of ground transforming to twenty-first vitamin C economy. No one is claiming that Pittsburgh is a holy city. Its merely livable and beautiful. Theres no inquiry that Pittsburgh is on the make up when it comes to arts and culture , income growth, unchangeable unemployment rate, low crime order and average cost of living . However, theres more about Pittsburgh than simply statistics and rankings. almost people may mayhap roll in the hay Pittsburgh just now for its tremendous cling season.Where the nights get shorter, the arise blows brisker, and the trees purge their green, make way for coral, mustard, and flame. As you manner of walking by dint of scads of neighborhoods of every stripes and shell you realize that Pittsburgh feels like home. gyre hills, thicket-forming glens, hot dog walks, and marvellous views of the tilt can make you lead about all that reading you have to do for discipline or work. any the lists and tissue articles in the world cant impel you that Pittsburgh is the most livable and correct place, but a determine here just might.